What is the primary function of a geographic data system (GIS)?

The primary function of a geographic data system (GIS) is to create and maintain geographic data. GIS is a powerful tool that allows users to capture, analyze, and visualize spatial data. This capability goes beyond simply storing information; GIS enables the integration of various data types, including maps, databases, and images, to produce a comprehensive view of geographic contexts.

In the context of crime analysis, GIS can be used to identify trends, patterns, and hotspots by layering crime data over geographic maps, which aids law enforcement agencies and planners in making informed decisions. By maintaining geographic data, GIS ensures that such analyses reflect current conditions and are based on accurate information.

While processing satellite images, designing city infrastructure, and storing demographic information are important tasks that may involve GIS among other technologies, they do not encapsulate the overarching purpose of GIS itself, which centers on the creation and maintenance of geographic data. Thus, the focus of GIS is fundamentally about managing and utilizing geographic data effectively to support various applications.