What type of data arrangement does raster data represent?

Raster data is fundamentally characterized by its arrangement of grid cells, or pixels, which collectively represent spatial information. Each cell in a raster grid corresponds to a specific value that may denote different features such as temperature, elevation, land cover, or other measurable phenomena. This structure allows for a systematic way to analyze spatial data, as it is organized in a matrix format that makes it easier to perform operations such as overlay, analysis, and visualization.

In contrast, the other types of data arrangements mentioned do not align with the definition of raster data. A sequence of text files lacks the spatial context that raster data inherently contains, as it simply represents textual information. A series of data points varies significantly because it often refers to vector data, which describes features through coordinates without the pixel-based organization. Lastly, a database of addresses would be a structured collection of information that does not fit into the grid cell arrangement characteristic of raster data; it is more aligned with attribute data than with spatially organized raster data. Therefore, the defining feature of raster data is indeed its arrangement of grid cells or pixels.