Which theory explores how societal changes can influence crime opportunities?

Routine Activity Theory is the correct choice as it specifically delves into how the structural and temporal changes in society affect the opportunities for crimes to occur. This theory posits that for a crime to take place, three elements must converge: a motivated offender, a suitable target, and a lack of capable guardianship. When societal changes occur, such as shifts in daily routines—due to factors like urbanization, economic fluctuations, or technological advancement—this can lead to increased opportunities for crime.

For instance, changes in people's work hours or leisure activities can influence when and where potential victims are likely to be available, thus creating windows of opportunity for offenders. The core idea of Routine Activity Theory highlights that crime is not solely a product of individual criminal behavior but also influenced significantly by external, environmental factors.

The other options, while related to crime analysis, do not focus as directly on the impact of societal changes on crime opportunities. The problem analysis triangle emphasizes the relationship between problems, responses, and solutions rather than societal shifts. Environmental criminology studies the interrelationship of crime and the environment but does not specifically center on societal changes. Crime Pattern Theory looks at the spatial aspects of crime but does not directly address how broader societal changes create or alter crime opportunities.